Linux commands are useful applications found in Linux. Commands may be used to do any simple or complicated activity. The commands are run using the Linux terminal. The terminal is a command-line interface for interacting with the system. It is similar to the Windows command prompt. Linux commands are case-sensitive. All of the commands below may be used to manipulate files and folders.

touch

• Use the “touch” command to create empty files.
• Use space between the file names to open multiple files using “touch” command.

touch elb.txt  

cp

• To copy a file or directory, use the “cp” command
• To copy in the same directory, use the command:

cp file_to_copy.txt new_name.txt

• To copy in a different directory, use the command:

cp file_to_copy destination_path_of_the_directory

• To copy a directory inside another directory, use the command:

cp -r directory_to_copy/ destination_path__the_directory/

Here “r” stands for recursively (Note: to learn use of “ls” command click here).

mv

• “mv” command is used to transfer a file or directory from one place to another. For an example: “$ mv file_to_move destination_path_of_the_directory/”.

mv elb_1.txt ../Practice/

cat

• The Linux “cat” command serves a number of purposes. It is useful for many file-related tasks, including creating new files, viewing existing ones, and copying their contents.
• To create a file use “cat  >  file_name” then write the content and press CTRL+D.
• To view the file content use “cat file_name”.

cat elb_3.txt

head

• Using the “head” command we can view the first 10 lines of a file.

head elb.txt

tail

• Using the “tail” command we can view the last 10 lines of a file.

tail elb.txt